The first vacuum-cleaning device to be portable and marketed at the domestic market was built in 1905 by Walter Griffiths, a manufacturer in Birmingham, England. An early electric-powered model is also shown. Kenney's was a stationary 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) steam-engine-powered system with pipes and hoses reaching into all parts of the building.ĭomestic vacuum cleaner A hand-powered pneumatic vacuum cleaner, c. Booth's horse-drawn combustion-engine-powered "Puffing Billy", maybe derived from Thurman's blown-air design, relied upon just suction with air pumped through a cloth filter and was offered as part of his cleaning services. Booth also may have coined the word "vacuum cleaner". In 1901 powered vacuum cleaners using suction were invented independently by British engineer Hubert Cecil Booth and American inventor David T. Corrine Dufour of Savannah, Georgia, received two patents in 18 for another blown-air system that seems to have featured the first use of an electric motor. Thurman's system, powered by an internal combustion engine, traveled to the customer's residence on a horse-drawn wagon as part of a door-to-door cleaning service. 634,042) for a "pneumatic carpet renovator" which blew dust into a receptacle. Louis, Missouri, submitted a patent (U.S. The end of the 19th century saw the introduction of powered cleaners, although early types used some variation of blowing air to clean instead of suction. Kenney Housemaid using "dedusting pump", c. The first manual models, using bellows, were developed in the 1860s, and the first motorized designs appeared at the turn of the 20th century, with the first decade being the boom decade.įurther information: Hubert Cecil Booth § Vacuum cleaner, and David T. The vacuum cleaner evolved from the carpet sweeper via manual vacuum cleaners. History An early hand-pumped vacuum cleaner The device is also sometimes called a sweeper although the same term also refers to a carpet sweeper, a similar invention. In New Zealand, particularly the Southland region, it is sometimes called a lux, likewise a genericized trademark and used as a verb. The name comes from the Hoover Company, one of the first and more influential companies in the development of the device. Specialized shop vacuums can be used to suck up both solid matter and liquids.Īlthough vacuum cleaner and the short form vacuum are neutral names, in some countries (UK, Ireland) hoover is used instead as a genericized trademark, and as a verb. Vacuum cleaners, which are used in homes as well as in industry, exist in a variety of sizes and models-small battery-powered hand-held devices, wheeled canister models for home use, domestic central vacuum cleaners, huge stationary industrial appliances that can handle several hundred litres of dirt before being emptied, and self-propelled vacuum trucks for recovery of large spills or removal of contaminated soil. The dirt is collected by either a dustbag or a cyclone for later disposal. ( December 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī vacuum cleaner, also known simply as a vacuum is a device that causes suction in order to remove dirt from floors, upholstery, draperies, and other surfaces. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations.
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